“One must never place a loaded rifle on the stage if it isn’t going to go off. It’s wrong to make promises you don’t mean to keep.”

  • Every element in a story must be necessary, and if it’s not, it should be eliminated from the scene entirely.

“Your work doesn’t speak for itself.”

The cat sat on a mat. → The cat sat on a dog’s mat.

Structure is everything

  • Basic
    • past → present → future
    • setup → tension → resolution
  • Advanced
    • Dan Harmon’s story circle
    • Kurt Vonnegut’s story graphs
    • Gustav Freytag’s pyramid of storytelling

“Human thinking depends on metaphor. We understand new or complex things in relation to things we already know.” — Jonathan Haidt

  • Use more metaphors/analogy as linguistic tools to convey profound truths and complex ideas